Blog 5: Hypothesis Testing Task For Individual Blog👩‍💼💻

Yo sup everyone! 🤟 I am back with another blog for CPDD woohoo!🥳 So today I will be sharing🔊about the Hypothesis Testing using the test we did for practical 4 with you all. So let's kick off with the case study of the Hypothesis Testing session experience🤓 and I hope yall will learn something from it woohoo! 😉

What is Hypothesis Testing?🤔

• A statistical hypothesis🧐 is an assumption about a population parameter. This assumption may or may not be true.🤨

• Hypothesis testing refers to the formal procedures🕵️‍♀️ used by experimenters or researchers to accept or reject statistical hypotheses.👩‍💻

Hypothesis testing is used to answer questions such as😯:

• Is the new production process really faster than the existing one?🏭

• Is the new material as strong as the old one?🧱

• Is the spare part performing as well as the original part?🪟

My groups split ourselves doing this task🗂:

• Valarie(me) - Captain America (Run #2 and #6)🛡

• Asraf - Thor (Run #2 and Run#4)🔨

• Insyirah - Iron Man (Run #1 and Run#3)🔥

• Eshvin - Black Widow (Run #4 and Run#8)🔎

Each Avenger will be conducting hypothesis testing on different factors (Projectile weight and Stop angle) using different runs as stated above. 😐

These were the limits set by my group for the factors during the practical session⚙️:

Low	Low angle = 60 degree	brown ball = 0.8604g (average weight)	​Arm length = 28.1cm
High	High angle = 120 degree	red ball = 2.0514g	​Arm length = 33.6cm

Below is my group run from Practical 4 (DOE Experimental)🧪🥼:

I will be doing the test for Captain America and will use Run #2 and Run#6. To determine the effect of stop angle.

​The QUESTION	​To determine the effect of stop angle on the flying distance of the projectile
​Scope of the test	The human factor is assumed to be negligible. Therefore the different users will not have any effect on the flying distance of the projectile. Flying distance🥏 for catapult A is collected using the factors below: Arm length📏 = 33 .6 cm Projectile weight ⚖️= 2.0514 grams Stop angle📐 = 60 degree and 120 degree
​Step 1: State the statistical Hypotheses:	​State the null hypothesis (H0): The distance travelled by the projectile remains unchanged when the stop angle increases from 60 degrees to120 degrees while the arm length of 33.6cm and the weight of the projectile of 2.0117 gram are constant. μ2 = μ6 State the alternative hypothesis (H1): The distance travelled by the projectile decrease when the stop angle increases from 60 degrees to 120 degrees while the arm length of 33.6cm and the weight of the projectile of 2.0117gram are constant. μ2 > μ6
​Step 2: Formulate an analysis plan.	Sample size is 16. Therefore t-test will be used. Since the sign of H1 is ">", a right-tailed test is used. Significance level (α) used in this test is 0.05 (most commonly used)
​Step 3: Calculate the test statistic	State the mean and standard deviation of Run # 2: Mean:233.3m Standard Deviation:3.01 State the mean and standard deviation of Run # 6: Mean:142.3 Standard Deviation:1.58 Compute the value of the test statistic (t):
​Step 4: Make a decision based on result	Type of test (check one only) 1. Left-tailed test: [ __ ] Critical value tα = - ______ 2. Right-tailed test: [✓ ] Critical value tα = 1.761 3. Two-tailed test: [ __ ] Critical value tα/2 = ± ______ At CL = 0.95, the percentile. Therefore, at v=14, t0.95=1.761 Overall, H0 is rejected as the value of t calculated equals to 54.79 which falls inside the rejection region in the previous step. Therefore, Ho is false.
​Conclusion that answer the initial question	Since H0 is rejected, this means that the stop angle will have an effect on how far it can be launched onto the sand pit. This means that H1 is accepted. Therefore, using a higher stop angle will result in a higher flying speed of the distance of the projectile while using a lower stop angle will result in a lower flying speed distance of the projectile.
​Compare your conclusion with the conclusion from the other team members.	​Iron Man result (Insyirah): Since the test statistic, t = 8.92 lies in the rejection region, the null hypothesis is rejected. Hence, At an arm's length of 28.1 cm and a stop angle of 120 degrees, the flying distance of the projectile weight using a projectile weight of 0.86g and 2.05g is different. Thor result (Asraf): To conclude, there will be a significant difference in the distance. The lighter the projectile weight, the further the distance will be. Since Ho is false, H1 is true Black Widow result (Eshvin): ​In summary, when a high stop angle is used, the flying distance of the projectile will be high. When a low stop angle is used, the flying distance of the projectile will be low. Thus Ho is rejected. Captain America result (Valarie): In conclusion, using a higher stop angle will result in a higher flying speed of the distance of the projectile while using a lower stop angle will result in a lower flying speed distance of the projectile. Therefore, since Ho is rejected, H1 is true.
​What inferences can you make from these comparisons?	This means that we can conclude that different angles will have an effect on the distance that the projectile can be launched and the projectile weight also will affect the distance will be further or nearer dependent on the projectile weight.
​Your learning reflection on this Hypothesis testing activity	​This Hypothesis testing activity helps me recall what we did during tutorial class where we learnt and utilize the concept of hypothesis testing. After the practical and tutorial lesson on the Design of the Experiment (DOE), I was able to determine the interaction effect between the two factors and the significance of each factor with the aid of graph plotting on an EXCEL sheet. This hypothesis testing helps me to solve the problem without using any software that needed to download and even though one could not directly rank the significance of factors, applying hypothesis testing provides a quick analysis of data. Overall, hypothesis testing allows us to evaluate the strength of our claim or assumptions before implementing it in our data set. It provides a reliable framework for making any data decisions for our population of interest. this can be also implemented in our prototype for our final task in CPDD as well.

Therefore, as you can see I reach the end of my blog🤣 I hope you enjoy my blog😎 and remember to like❤️️, share🤗 and subscribe🤳. Watch👀 my other cool blogs😱 under categories🤩 have a great weekend ahead😆 and all the best for your TST 2 CEDC and your CPDD presentation to my SP DCHE classmates and friends🤭🤘. I will be back stronger💪 and better blog 🤟see ya on my next blog👋!!!